全文获取类型
收费全文 | 58203篇 |
免费 | 7166篇 |
国内免费 | 5270篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 30786篇 |
晶体学 | 381篇 |
力学 | 2921篇 |
综合类 | 1020篇 |
数学 | 12335篇 |
物理学 | 23196篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 420篇 |
2022年 | 942篇 |
2021年 | 1915篇 |
2020年 | 1449篇 |
2019年 | 1480篇 |
2018年 | 1250篇 |
2017年 | 1516篇 |
2016年 | 1789篇 |
2015年 | 1818篇 |
2014年 | 2562篇 |
2013年 | 4135篇 |
2012年 | 2953篇 |
2011年 | 3294篇 |
2010年 | 2927篇 |
2009年 | 3521篇 |
2008年 | 3760篇 |
2007年 | 3714篇 |
2006年 | 3160篇 |
2005年 | 2337篇 |
2004年 | 2168篇 |
2003年 | 2101篇 |
2002年 | 4496篇 |
2001年 | 1832篇 |
2000年 | 1401篇 |
1999年 | 1100篇 |
1998年 | 1168篇 |
1997年 | 887篇 |
1996年 | 917篇 |
1995年 | 822篇 |
1994年 | 802篇 |
1993年 | 754篇 |
1992年 | 710篇 |
1991年 | 498篇 |
1990年 | 421篇 |
1989年 | 373篇 |
1988年 | 389篇 |
1987年 | 325篇 |
1986年 | 295篇 |
1985年 | 416篇 |
1984年 | 318篇 |
1983年 | 187篇 |
1982年 | 357篇 |
1981年 | 505篇 |
1980年 | 456篇 |
1979年 | 501篇 |
1978年 | 413篇 |
1977年 | 303篇 |
1976年 | 264篇 |
1974年 | 89篇 |
1973年 | 180篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
In this paper, four optical filter topologies based on metal–insulator–metal waveguides are proposed and the designed structures are investigated numerically using finite-difference timedomain method. Triangular-shaped adjunctions have been added to the filter structures to improve their transmission spectrum. These improved structures consist of air as the insulator and silver as the metal. The relative permittivity of metal has been described via the Drude,Drude–Lorentz, and Palik models. The first filter's transmission spectrum shows an acceptable transmittance. In the second optimized filter, the transmission spectrum has been improved. The transmittance spectrum can be tuned through adjusting the edge of the triangle in these four optimized filters. As a result, the bandwidths of resonance spectra can be adjusted. The theory of such tapered structures will be investigated by the tapered transmission line and will be solved with the transfer matrix method. This method shows a better performance and higher transmission efficiency in comparison with the basic structures. On the other hand, the final filter has been chosen as the best one because of its hexagonal resonator. The main reason for having a better result is due to a longer interaction length in comparison with the circular resonator. This in turn creates much better energy coupling and results in higher transmission. 相似文献
72.
73.
74.
本文利用红外光解离光谱研究了第三族金属氧化物离子对二氧化碳分子的转化机制. 研究表明,对于[ScO(CO2)n]+体系,在n≤4时,形成了溶剂化结构;在n=5时,形成了碳酸盐结构,实现了二氧化碳的转化. 对于[YO(CO2)n]+体系,需要4个二氧化碳分子就可以实现二氧化碳的转化. 而在[YO(CO2)n]+体系中,只发现了溶剂化结构,没有观察到碳酸盐结构. 理论计算表明,[YO(CO2)n]+体系拥有最小的溶剂化结构向碳酸盐结构转化能垒,[LaO(CO2)n]+体系拥有最大的溶剂化结构向碳酸盐结构转化能垒. 本文从分子水平揭示了不同金属氧化物离子对二氧化碳分子转化的影响规律. 相似文献
75.
AlGaN/GaN HEMT外部边缘电容Cofd是由栅极垂直侧壁与二维电子气水平壁之间的电场构成的等效电容.本文基于保角映射法对Cofd进行物理建模,考虑沟道长度调制效应,研究外部偏置、阈值电压漂移和温度变化对Cofd的影响:随着漏源偏压从零开始增加,Cofd先保持不变再开始衰减,其衰减速率随栅源偏压的增加而减缓;AlGaN势垒层中施主杂质浓度的减小和Al组分的减小都可引起阈值电压的正向漂移,正向阈值漂移会加强沟道长度调制效应对Cofd的影响,导致Cofd呈线性衰减.在大漏极偏压工作情况下,Cofd对器件工作温度的变化更加敏感. 相似文献
76.
《Journal of Saudi Chemical Society》2020,24(10):754-764
A kinetic study of the reactions of potentially bioactive 2-amino-4-arylthiazoles with highly reactive 4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxan (DNBF) is reported herein in acetonitrile solution. The complexation reaction was followed by recording the UV–vis spectra with time at λmax = 482 nm. Electronic effects of substituents influencing the rate of reaction have been studied using structure-reactivity relationships. It is shown that the Hammett plot relative to the reaction of DNBF with 2-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazole exhibit positive deviation from the log k1 versus σ correlation, while it showed excellent linear correlation in terms of Yukawa–Tsuno equation. It has be noticed that the nonlinear Hammett plot observed for 2-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl) thiazole is not attributed to a change in rate-determining step but is due to nature of electronic effect of substituent caused by the resonance of stabilization of substrates. The second-order rate constant (k1) relating to the bond C–C and C-N forming step of the complexation processes of DNBF with 4-substituted-aminothiazoles and 2-amino-5-methyl-4-phenylthiazole, respectively, is fit into the linear relationship log k = sN (N + E), thereby permitting the assessment of the nucleophilicity parameter (N) of the 2-amino-4-arylthiazoles of the range (4.90 < N < 6.85). 2-amino-4-arylthiazoles is subsequently ranked by positioning its reactivity on the general nucleophilicity scale developed recently by Mayr and coworkers (2003) leading an interesting and a direct comparison over a large domain of π-, σ -, and n-nucleophiles. The global electrophilicity/nucleophilicity reactivity indexes of the 2-amino-4-arylthiazoles have been investigated by means of a density functional theory (DFT) method. . 相似文献
77.
The friction at the liquid-solid interfaces is widely involved in various phenomena ranging from nanometer to micrometer scales. By the molecular dynamic(MD)simulation, the friction properties of liquid-solid interfaces at the molecular level are calculated via the Green-Kubo relation. It is found that the system size will influence the value of the friction coefficient, especially for the solid surfaces with the larger polar charge. The value of the friction coefficient decreases with the increase in the system size and converges at large system sizes. The large polar charge will lead to a significant friction coefficient. However, the diffusion of water molecules on this surface is almost a constant, indicating that the diffusion coefficient seems to be independent of the system size and polar charge. This work provides insights for the selection of the system size in modeling the frictional properties of hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces. 相似文献
78.
79.
Pingyu Zhu Qilin Zheng Shichuan Xue Chao Wu Xinyao Yu Yang Wang Yingwen Liu Xiaogang Qiang Junjie Wu Ping Xu 《Frontiers of Physics》2020,15(6):61501
One of the most important multipartite entangled states, Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state (GHZ), serves as a fundamental resource for quantum foundation test, quantum communication and quantum computation. To increase the number of entangled particles, significant experimental efforts should been invested due to the complexity of optical setup and the difficulty in maintaining the coherence condition for high-fidelity GHZ state. Here, we propose an ultra-integrated scalable on-chip GHZ state generation scheme based on frequency combs. By designing several microrings pumped by different lasers, multiple partially overlapped quantum frequency combs are generated to supply as the basis for on-chip polarization-encoded GHZ state with each qubit occupying a certain spectral mode. Both even and odd numbers of GHZ states can be engineered with constant small number of integrated components and easily scaled up on the same chip by only adjusting one of the pump wavelengths. In addition, we give the on-chip design of projection measurement for characterizing GHZ states and show the reconfigurability of the state. Our proposal is rather simple and feasible within the existing fabrication technologies and we believe it will boost the development of multiphoton technologies. 相似文献
80.
Dr. Zhibo Liu Daniel Chao Dr. Ying Li Prof. Dr. Richard Ting Jihyoon Oh Prof. Dr. David M. Perrin 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(10):3924-3928
Organotrifluoroborates solvolyze in water at rates that vary over five orders of magnitude. The negative logarithm of the solvolytic rate constant, pk(B?F), correlates exceptionally well with the pKa of the analogous carboxylic acid (R2=0.984). This unforeseen correlation may be of predictive value for several applications including Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions and the design of 18F‐organotrifluoroborate radioprosthetic groups. 相似文献